Imre Pekar

* Rozsnyó, December 8, 1838 – † Budapest, July 12, 1923 / mechanical engineer, inventor, professional writer, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1921) ; ; His father István Pekár (Rozsnyó, December 18, 1773 – Pongyelok, February 8, 1829) was a teacher and church historian. He completed his secondary schooling in Igló, Rozsnyó and Losonc. In 1854 he changed his job and took a factory job, while studying at the Polytechnic in Vienna, and then obtained a mechanical engineering diploma in Karlsruhe. After that, in 1859 he worked in the milling industry in England and then in France. From 1864 to 1875 he was the director of the István steam mill in Debrecen and a teacher at the Debrecen Academy of Economics. In 1878, he was a member of the jury of the Paris World Exhibition. In 1880–1881, he studied the situation of grain trade, the milling industry and public warehouses in the USA on behalf of the Hungarian government. Upon his return home, he became the director of the Discount and Exchange Bank and the head of the goods department. He organized public warehouses in Rijeka, and next to the public warehouse, he built the first – American-style – elevator in Hungary. His study trip to America contributed, among other things, to the development of simple and economically built domestic grain storage facilities. He reorganized the Schönichen-Hartmann shipyard in Újpest, which belonged to the Discount Bank, and later developed it into a limited liability company. He also participated in the establishment of the Hungarian River and Sea Shipping Company (1894). In 1899, he was granted a noble title and was allowed to use the forename “Rozsnyói”. He was a member of the organizing committee of the 1900 Paris World Exhibition. He developed a simple method of flour testing based on the examination of the color of flour, which, named after him, became internationally known as “bakery testing”. In our language, not only “bakery testing” is used, but also the verb form: “bakery to polish”. In addition to these, there are about eight other concepts formed from the name Pekár, e.g. pekárdeszka, pekárslimító etc. The previous concepts can also be found in many foreign languages: in English: Pekár test, in French: essai Pekár, in German: pekarisieren, Pekár-Probe, in Russian: pribor Pekara, proba Pekara. The Hungarian Academy of Sciences elected him an honorary member in 1921. He was also a famous art collector, and had about 2000 pharmacy jars and other related art objects. His son, Gyula Pekár (1867–1937), was a writer, politician, minister, and corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. ; ; Work: The Wheat and Flour of Our Earth from the Perspective of Science, the Consumer, the Miller, and the Producer, 1881 (published in German in 1882, and later translated into 20 other languages).