Dezso Nemes

* Levoca, September 6, 1908 – † Budapest, March 30, 1985 / historian, politician, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1964) ; ; He studied upholstery, and from 1926 he was a member of the Communist Party of Hungary (KMP). In 1928 he was secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Hungary. After serving his prison sentence (1931), he went to the Soviet Union on the orders of the KMP, where he became a student at the International Lenin School. After his return home (1933), he was the Budapest secretary of the KMP, then a member of the Central Committee and an instructor in Hungary. From 1935 he lived in the Soviet Union, until 1939 he worked as a furniture factory worker in Moscow, and from 1939 to 1943 he completed a history degree at Lomonosov University while working. In 1943 he carried out agitation activities in the Hungarian prisoner of war camps. In 1945 he returned to Hungary. In 1945–1948 he was the secretary of the Trade Union Council, in 1948–1950 he was a member of the editorial board of the magazine Tartós békéért, népi demokráciaért!; in 1953–1956 he was the director of the Szikra Publishing House, in the autumn of 1956 he was the director of the MDP Party College. In 1957–1961 he was the head of the editorial board of Népszabadság, from 1957 until his death he was one of the hard-line leaders of the MSZMP. In 1965–1966 he was the director general of the Institute of Party History of the MSZMP Central Committee, between 1966–1975 he was the director of the MSZMP Political College, and in 1975–1977 its rector. From 1977 to 1980, he was the editor-in-chief of Népszabadság. As a historian, he primarily dealt with the history of the Hungarian and international labor movement and the history of Hungary between the two world wars. The distortions of his historical concept – he subordinated public history to the history of the labor movement, consistently considered the Horthy regime to be fascism until his death, and judged the role of social democracy with a negative bias – and his leading role in the MSZMP had a detrimental effect on Hungarian historiography after 1956. ; He was one of the originators of the so-called primitive vulgar materialism in Hungary. In 1982, he was elected a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. For more than twenty years, he was chairman of the Historical Science Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the National Committee of Hungarian Historians. ; ; His main works: ; History of the General Workers' Union 1868-1873, 1952, ; The Liberation of Hungary, 1955, ; The 15-year Development of People's Hungary, 1960, ; The History of the Counter-Revolution in Hungary 1919-1921, 1962, ; The Foreign Policy of the Bethlen Government in 1927-1931, 1964, ; To the History of the Hungarian Workers' Movement, 1974, ; Revolutions and the Council Republic in Hungary. 1918-1919, 1979, ; The Biatorbágy Assassination and What Behind It..., 1981, ; On the Political Life of Béla Kun, 1985.