Arany A. László, Anzelm

* Betlér, 1909. Sept. 19. – † Rožňá, 13. Oct. 1967. / linguist, teacher, ethnographic researcher ; ; He graduated from the Rožňá Realgymnázium, and continued his studies at the BTK of the Comenius University. The scientists of the Linguistic Circle of Po.: L. Novák, J. M. Koøínek and Vážny had the strongest influence on him. From 1935 he was the head of the Institute of Dialectology of the University of Po., and a teacher at the Slovak Realgymnázium of Po., and then at the Hungarian Realgymnázium. From 1943 to 1945 he worked as a researcher at the SZTA. During the period of Hungarian disenfranchisement (1945–1949), he was sentenced to a long prison sentence for his participation in the founding and operation of an illegal rights organization, after which he could only do manual labor. In the last years of his life – despite his incurable illness – he continued his research work, participated in international conferences, and published several studies. On July 27, 1992, a memorial plaque was unveiled in the village of Kolon, and a memorial meeting was held in his honor, organized by the Hungarian Department of the Faculty of Pedagogy in Nitra. ; – His work covered several branches of linguistics: Hungarian and Slovak dialect research, descriptive grammar, historical phonology. Some of his studies belong to the field of Hungarian ethnography and cultural history. His main work is The phonological system of the Kolon dialect. The first part of the monograph is theoretical in nature, containing a general linguistic and dialectological introduction, as well as a concise general and Hungarian phonology. In it, he summarizes Saussure's principles and the phonological theorems of the Prague school, especially Trubeckoj, developing them further in more than one point with his critical observations, and also taking into account the results of numerous representatives of structuralism outside the Prague school. The second part is a phonological description of the Kolon dialect in the Nitra region. The book is a significant work not only in the history of Hungarian, but also in the history of general phonology. In international dialectology, it is the first dialect monograph in which the basic principles of phonology are fully applied. His work Gramatika jazyka slovenského, written jointly with J. Orlovský, is an important milestone in Slovak grammatical literature: the first structural grammar. Another study by A. on the history of phonology is highly appreciated by professional critics: The psychological and logical basis of Trubetzkoy's theory and phonology (Nyelvtudományi Közlemények 1967). A.'s scientific work is characterized by sensitivity to theoretical issues, outstanding professional education, and the pursuit of exactness in the elaboration of specific topics. His oeuvre, outstanding not in quantity but in quality, enriched not only Slovak Hungarian scholarship and Hungarian linguistics, but also universal linguistics. ; ; Works: The phonological system of the Kolon dialect. Introduction to structural dialectology, monogr. 1944, 2nd ed. Bloomington–The Hague 1967, Gramatika jazyka slovenského (with Orlovský), Po. 1946, A szlovákiai magyarság néprajza, ibid. 1942. ; ; Literature: László Deme: Some questions about Hungarian dialects, Bp. 1953, Ferenc Sima: Memorial to A. L., ISZ 1968/1, Pál Teiszler: Some aspects of a dialect phonological description, Journals of Linguistics and Literature 1969/2, Robert Hetzron: A. A. L.: The phonological system of a Hungarian dialect, Linguistics 1970, Miklós Kázmér: Research on Hungarian dialects in Czechoslovakia, Zborník FFUK 1973, Lajos Turczel: My relations with A. L., Regio 1990/1, A. A. L. Memorial Book (ed. Anna Sándor), Nyitra 1993. “In sincere remembrance”. Hungarian memoirs in Czechoslovakia and other documents from the years of deprivation of rights 1945–1948 (compiled by László Tóth), 1995. ;

K. M.

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